An Analysis of the Functions and Impacts of Debt Payment Moratoriums (PKPU) from the Perspective of Justice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v7i6.2410Keywords:
justice, bankruptcy, postponement of debt payment obligations (pkpu)Abstract
Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) is a legal mechanism that provides an opportunity for debtors who are unable to pay debts to get more time to carry out debt restructuring and avoid bankruptcy. This study aims to analyze the function and impact of the Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) on debtors and creditors and assess its conformity with the principles of justice. The research method used was normative juridical with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that PKPU has its main function as a means of debt restructuring to provide opportunities for debtors to avoid bankruptcy while providing legal certainty for creditors in fulfilling their rights. In practice, PKPU can have various impacts, both positive and negative. Procedurally, the PKPU mechanism has basically reflected the principles of justice, but it still leaves loopholes that allow violations to occur. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and strict supervision so that the implementation of PKPU can better reflect the principles of legal justice as a whole.
References
Ababil, M. A., & Tombi, J. T. N. H. (2025). Creditor protection in the Indonesian bankruptcy system: Between legal norms and reality. Juris Humanity: Journal of Human Rights Law Research and Studies, 4(1), 38–53.
Al Asy’arie, M. A. H., Wibowo, B. S., Rahmanda, B., & Irawati, I. (2025). Creditor protection in individual company bankruptcy. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 6(2), 1436–1449.
Assauri, S., Amin, M., & Warjiyati, S. (2025). Theory of justice and morality. Pendas: Scientific Journal of Basic Education, 10(2), 211–221.
Dirgantara, F., Putra, A. R., Darmawan, D., Khayru, R. K., & Wibowo, A. S. (2025). The role of bankruptcy law and suspension of debt payment obligations (PKPU) in the settlement of debt and receivables disputes in Indonesia. Lex Stricta: Journal of Legal Sciences, 4(1), 149–160.
Fauziyah, D. K., Zahrah, H., Ayuningtyas, P., Fauziah, S., & Aprilia, T. K. (2025). Analysis of alleged corporate strategies in disguising bankruptcy practices through fictitious bankruptcy schemes. PENG: Journal of Economics and Management, 2(4), 4409–4420.
Firmansyah, H., & Adjie, H. (2025). Collateral guarantor liability for debts of debtors in bankruptcy. SOSIOEDUKASI: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial, 14(1), 145–153.
Handayani, S. H., Sambas, N., & Jamila, L. (2024). The concept of resolving the conflict of norms between criminal confiscation and general bankruptcy confiscation of bankruptcy assets viewed from the perspective of justice. Journal La Sociale, 5(4), 1091–1100.
Hanifah, N. L., Alya, R., Amalia, T., & Kuncara, A. B. (2025). Justice as a legal goal: An analysis of John Rawls's justice theory in the context of Indonesian law. Proceedings Law, Accounting, Business, Economics and Language, 2(1), 228–232.
Hendrawan, D., Haspada, D., & Tiopan, D. (2023). Legal protection for creditors in bankruptcy law: Implementing the bankrupt boedel execution. Croatian International Relations Review, 29(92), 108–124.
Indonesia. (2004). Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations.
Jasmine, M., Otich, D., Setiawan, R. W., & Mufid, M. (2025). The concept and type of justice in Aristotle's thought. Nusantara: Journal of Education, Arts, Science and Social Humanities, 3(1).
Juliantini, N. N., Arjaya, I. M., & Widiati, I. A. P. (2021). Procedures and legal consequences of delay in debt payment obligations of limited liability companies (Case study of Decision Number 03/PKPU/2010/PN.Niaga.Sby). Journal of Legal Analogy, 3(1), 101–105. https://doi.org/10.22225/ah.3.1.3027.101-105
Kurniawan, I. D., Suwadi, P., & Santos, J. G. (2025). Postponement of debt payment obligations through semi-public restructuring. Jurnal Hukum Novelty, 16(2).
Lira, M. A. (2024). The position and protection of concurrent creditors in Indonesia’s bankruptcy process: A review based on the principle of creditorium parity. The Juris, 8(1), 281–290.
Marisa, D., Ningsih, E. M., Irawan, F., Gultom, T. P. O. P., Wahyuningsih, I. T., & Saputra, F. J. A. (2026). A legal protection of separatist creditors in the management and settlement of bankruptcy assets. InSearch: International Journal of Law, Business & Human Rights, 1(1).
Nurohim, M., Hanafi, Y., & Asmaiyani, A. (2022). Application for bankruptcy by creditors perspective of Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning bankruptcy and suspension of debt payment obligations (Study of Decision Number 3/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2021/PN Niaga Jkt. Pst). Legal Brief, 11(2), 1412–1426.
Nursanthy, A. T. R., Kurniawan, D., & Hindarsah, Y. (2024). Legal standing of insurance policy holders regarding applications for delay of debt payment obligations due to bankruptcy (Study of Commercial Court Decision Case Number 389/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020/PN-Niaga.Jkt.Pst). Jurnal Mahkamah: Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Hukum Islam, 243–252.
Permatasari, P. (2025). Homologation of debt payment suspension from the perspective of Pancasila legal theory of justice. Proceedings of the International Conference on Democracy and National Resilience 2025 (ICDNR 2025), 109.
Ramadhan, M. S., Nurfitrah, M. A., Trinanda, M. E., & Putri, R. C. (2024). Legal review of the moratorium on bankruptcy applications and PKPU and the principles of business continuity in the perspective of bankruptcy law. Journal of Legal Certainty and Justice, 6(2), 175–189.
Reformasi, T. P. W., & Dewi, A. (2024). Inequality of das sollen and das sein: The imposition of the death penalty. Indonesian Journal of Law, 3(4), 168–176.
Rifani, R. A., Fauziah, F., & Fahruddin, M. (2021). The effectiveness of the implementation of debt payment obligation suspension (PKPU) in preventing bankruptcy (Commercial Court study at the Central Jakarta District Court). Journal of Jurisdictie Law, 3(2), 145–160.
Sari, E. P., & Congress, E. (2023). Legal certainty on the PKPU process after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 23/PUU-XIX/2021. Magnum Opus Law Journal, 6(1), 1–13.
Siagian, M. B., & Brahmana, H. (2026). A legal analysis of the status and protection of unsecured creditors in bankruptcy proceedings under Law No. 37 of 2004 on bankruptcy and voluntary debt restructuring. Eduvest: Journal of Universal Studies, 6(6), 6747–6756.
Simbolon, M. M., & Sitorus, Y. F. (2024). Ratio legis of bankruptcy and suspension of debt payment obligations to fulfil creditors’ rights. Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum, 4(1), 121–150.
Sitanggang, R. A., Silalahi, U., & Ginting, J. (2025). The position of collateral assets owned by third parties in the management and administration of bankruptcy assets. Global Legal Review, 5(2), 128–145.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Agatha Gabriella Setyono, Suhartati Suhartati

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.




